The edited volume is an outcome of the national seminar held at the Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA) on the theme “India-Sri Lanka Relations: Is it Time for Reorientation of Policy”? The edited volume deals with politico, economic and security developments within Sri Lanka in recent years, particularly under the Unity Government of Sri Lanka (2015-2019). The volume also examines India-Sri Lanka relations within the framework of India’s “neighbourhood first policy” and Sri Lanka’s “India first policy”. The book while examining bilateral relations in a historical context also looks at the impact of domestic political factors on bilateral relations, trade and investment opportunities and the role of foreign policy within the context of changing geo-politics of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR). The chapters in this edited volume are written from the perspectives of former practioners, scholars and journalists from India, closely following India-Sri Lanka relations.