The saying goes “Earthquakes Don’t Kill, Buildings Do”. Correctly speaking, only the buildings of unsafe design and construction collapse under earthquake impact, thereby killing the inmates. But those constructed with proper earthquake resisting features neither collapse nor kill. The author has carried out research and development studies in regard to such buildings, starting in1960, and has developed safe building construction methods based on structural analyses and extensive laboratory tests. The book includes in different chapters, the know how about the earthquake occurrences, their effect on non-engineered buildings, principles and details of earthquake resistant design, procedure for assessment of seismic safety of existing masonry buildings and method of upgrading their earthquake safety by retrofitting.