This book is an effort to comprehensively analyse the importance of the China factor in studying the evolution of India-Vietnam relations over the decades. The author argues that the multi-faceted India-Vietnam relations, which have been moulded by historical, cultural, diplomatic and geo-strategic factors, cannot be studied in isolation, without understanding how it has been influenced by their common perception of the ‘China threat’. It is in this context that the book analyses the complex political, economic, strategic and cultural interactions between China, India and Vietnam in the Cold War period and subsequently in the post-Cold War years, from 1991 to 2019. The work should attract the attention of scholars and practitioners of international relations.